Steeply pitched roofs can be difficult to gutter as you know. The first thing to consider is the fact that a steep roof will collect less water per square foot of surface area than a flat roof (if the rain comes more or less straight down when it falls). Secondly, the water will come off of the roof much faster, creating splashing problems as you suggested.
If there is any overhang from the roof at all (1"-2"), then you should be able to use a standard k-style gutter. These will perform better than half-round gutter because they are deeper. Splash guards can be placed wherever there is a major problem with splashing. Normally they are used on valleys where two roof lines come together, but most gutter companies will have straight splash guards as well.
Finally, consider using a gutter filter product like
this one. This may slow down the speed of the rainwater enough to justify the extra cost.